How to Validate PAN Number in Java Using Regex

Learn how to validate PAN number in Java using a regular expression. A PAN is a 10-character alphanumeric identifier. Its general format contains five uppercase letters, followed by four digits and one uppercase letter.

Code Explanation (Step-by-Step)

  • The validatePanNumber() method accepts a PAN number as a String parameter.
  • The method returns a Boolean value:
    • true if the PAN number format is valid.
    • false if the PAN number format is invalid.
  • If the panNumber is null, the method returns false.
  • The PAN validation regular expression used in the program is: ^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]$
  • The matches() method compares the entire PAN number with the specified regular expression .
  • The first five characters must be uppercase English letters.
  • The next four characters must be numeric digits.
  • The last character must be an uppercase English letter.
  • If the PAN number matches the required format, the method returns true; otherwise, it returns false.
  • Finally, the program prints whether the given PAN number is valid or invalid.
				
					public class ValidatePanNumber {

    public static boolean validatePanNumber(String panNumber) {

        if (panNumber == null) {
            return false;
        }

        return panNumber.matches("^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]$");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String[] panNumbers = {
            "ACYPY0931A",
            "ABCDe1234F",
            "ABCD1234E",
            "ABCDE12345",
            null
        };

        for (String panNumber : panNumbers) {
            System.out.println(
                panNumber + " : " + validatePanNumber(panNumber)
            );
        }
    }
}

Output :-
ACYPY0931A : true
ABCDe1234F : false
ABCD1234E : false
ABCDE12345 : false
null : false

Test Cases for PAN Number Validation in Java

				
					public class ValidatePanNumber {

    public static boolean validatePanNumber(String panNumber) {

        if (panNumber == null) {
            return false;
        }

        return panNumber.matches("^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]$");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String[] panNumbers = {
                "ACYPY0931A", // Valid PAN
                "ABCDE1234F", // Valid PAN
                "ABCD1234E",  // Less than 10 characters
                "ABCDE12345", // Ends with digit
                "abcde1234F", // Lowercase letters
                "ABCDE12A4F", // Contains letter in digit position
                null          // Null value
        };

        for (String panNumber : panNumbers) {
            System.out.println(
                    "PAN Number: " + panNumber +
                    " -> Valid: " + validatePanNumber(panNumber)
            );
        }
    }
}

Output :-
PAN Number: ACYPY0931A -> Valid: true
PAN Number: ABCDE1234F -> Valid: true
PAN Number: ABCD1234E -> Valid: false
PAN Number: ABCDE12345 -> Valid: false
PAN Number: abcde1234F -> Valid: false
PAN Number: ABCDE12A4F -> Valid: false
PAN Number: null -> Valid: false

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